Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING, VOL 13
Volume 13, Issue -, Pages 345-368Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-071910-124654
Keywords
motion correction; image mosaic; deformation morphometry; spatiotemporal atlas; tissue segmentation; cortical folding
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Funding
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE [R01NS061957, R01NS055064] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS061957, R01 NS061957-02, R01 NS055064, NS 055064, R01 NS055064-05, NS 061957] Funding Source: Medline
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The development of tools to construct and investigate probabilistic maps of the adult human brain from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has led to advances in both basic neuroscience and clinical diagnosis. These tools are increasingly being applied to brain development in adolescence and childhood, and even to neonatal and premature neonatal imaging. Even earlier in development, parallel advances in clinical fetal MRI have led to its growing use as a tool in challenging medical conditions. This has motivated new engineering developments encompassing optimal fast MRI scans and techniques derived from computer vision, the combination of which allows full 3D imaging of the moving fetal brain in utero without sedation. These promise to provide a new and unprecedented window into early human brain growth. This article reviews the developments that have led us to this point, examines the current state of the art in the fields of fast fetal imaging and motion correction, and describes the tools to analyze dynamically changing fetal brain structure. New methods to deal with developmental tissue segmentation and the construction of spatiotemporal atlases are examined, together with techniques to map fetal brain growth patterns.
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