Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
Volume 11, Issue -, Pages 25-47Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-061008-124920
Keywords
hairpin probe; oligonucleotide probe; molecular beacon; fluorescence resonance energy transfer; delivery
Categories
Funding
- NIH [HL80711]
- NCI [CA119338, CA116102, CA125088]
- NSF [0616031]
- American Cancer Society [RSG-07-005-01]
- Directorate For Engineering
- Div Of Chem, Bioeng, Env, & Transp Sys [0616031] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Commonly used techniques for analyzing gene expression, Such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), microarrays, and in situ hybridization, have proven invaluable in understanding RNA processing and regulation. However, these techniques rely on the use of lysed and/or fixed cells and are therefore limited in their ability to provide important spatial-temporal information. This has led to the development of numerous techniques for imaging RNA in living cells, some of which have already provided important insight into die dynamic role RNA plays in dictating cell behavior. Here we review the fluorescent probes that have allowed for RNA imaging in live in cells and discuss their utility and limitations. Common challenges faced fluorescent probes, such as probe design, delivery, and target accessibility, are also discussed. It is expected that continued advancements in live cell imaging of RNA will open new and exciting opportunities in a wide range of biological and medical applications.
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