Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF BIOCHEMISTRY, VOL 79
Volume 79, Issue -, Pages 471-505Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-030409-143718
Keywords
enzyme mechanism; protein evolution; superfamilies
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Many, if not most, enzymes can promiscuously catalyze reactions, or act on substrates, other than those for which they evolved. Here, we discuss the structural, mechanistic, and evolutionary implications of this manifestation of infidelity of molecular recognition. We define promiscuity and related phenomena and also address their generality and physiological implications. We discuss the mechanistic enzymology of promiscuity-how enzymes, which generally exert exquisite specificity, catalyze other, and sometimes barely related, reactions. Finally, we address the hypothesis that promiscuous enzymatic activities serve as evolutionary starting points and highlight the unique evolutionary features of promiscuous enzyme functions.
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