Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, VOL 6
Volume 6, Issue -, Pages 213-235Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-062012-092559
Keywords
scanning tunneling microscopy; solid-liquid interface; single-crystal surface; underpotential deposition; specific adsorption; molecular assembly
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We describe the history of electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and advances made in this field during the past 20 years. In situ STM allows one to monitor various electrode processes, such as the underpotential deposition of copper and silver ions; the specific adsorption of iodine and sulfate/bisulfate ions; electrochemical dissolution processes of silicon and gold single-crystal surfaces in electrolyte solutions; and the molecular assembly of metalloporphyrins, metallophthalocyanines, and fullerenes, at atomic and/or molecular resolution. Furthermore, a laser confocal microscope, combined with a differential interference contrast microscope, enables investigation of the dynamics of electrochemical processes at atomic resolution.
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