Journal
ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
Volume 29, Issue 12, Pages 2135-2143Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1097/01.alc.0000191760.42980.50
Keywords
alcohol dependence; reaction time; research design; data collection
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Background: To study cognitive interference associated with craving for alcohol, the Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) method was used to measure the relationship between craving and reaction time. A secondary aim was the study of the predictive factors for craving during alcohol detoxification. The EMA enables both repeated measures of craving in a natural setting and the recording of reaction time without the patient being aware of this. Methods: Craving for alcohol, reaction time, sadness and anxiety were recorded 8 to 12 times a day, over three weeks of detoxification in 14 alcoholics (n = 1767 measures), on an electronic diary issuing random prompts. Mixed models were used for statistical analysis (alpha= 5%, 1-beta = 88%). Results: Reaction time was significantly increased in univariate analysis when a craving episode occurred but this difference did not persist after multivariate analysis. Craving episodes were more frequent and intense than previously reported. Predictive factors of craving during detoxification were: age, gender, sadness, anxiety and the number of previous detoxifications. Antidepressants, anticraving medications but not benzodiazepines were negatively associated to craving.
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