Nonvolatile multilevel conductance and memory effects in organic thin films

Organic thin-film structures, including organic light-emitting diodes, are demonstrated to contain multiple nonvolatile conductance states at low-read voltages. Retention time of states is more than several weeks, and more than 20 000 write-read-rewrite-read cycles have been performed with minimal degradation. The electrical characteristics of these devices are consistent with metal diffusion or filament phenomena found in metal-insulator-metal structures, suggesting a possible mechanism by which the states are stored. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics.