Journal
SURFACE SCIENCE
Volume 600, Issue 3, Pages 675-684Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.susc.2005.11.021
Keywords
Bronsted reactions; 2-buteneilitrile; crotononitrile; chemisorption; electrografting; nickel cathode; photoelectron specroscopies (UPS, XPS); surface functionalization
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2-Butenenitrile belongs to the large family of electron deficient vinylic monomers that usually form 100 to 500 urn thick grafted polymer films by electroreduction. However, 2-butenenitrile exhibits a slightly acidic hydrogen atom on its CH3 group that inhibits the anionic polymerization usually observed with 'classical' organic monomers such as its isomer methacrylonitrile. 2-Butenenitrile thus gives nanometer thick grafted film by electroreduction, essentially composed of a mixture of monomers, dimers and trimers and in the same way, allows an easy observation by XPS of the chemical signature of the grafting, i.e. the carbon-to-nickel bond, observed at 283.6 eV. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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