Journal
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
Volume 27, Issue 2, Pages 253-260Publisher
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY SOC JOURNALS LTD
DOI: 10.1183/09031936.06.00105904
Keywords
defensin; immunohistochemistry; pneumonia; radioimmunoassay; respiratory tract
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Human beta-defensin (hBD)-3, a 45 amino acid antimicrobial peptide, was originally isolated from human skin. hBD-3 mRNA has also been detected in the airways by RT-PCR. While hBD-3 may be involved in antimicrobial defences within the respiratory tract, the presence of hBD-3 peptide in the respiratory system has not yet been confirmed. The antimicrobial activity of the synthesised hBD-3 peptide was measured by a radial diffusion assay and a colony count assay. The present authors confirmed the presence of hBD-3 peptide in homogenates of human lung and serum using reverse-phase HPLC coupled with a highly sensitive RIA. The localisation of the hBD-3 peptide was investigated by immunohistochemistry. In addition, the serum concentrations of hBD-3 were measured by RIA. hBD-3 exhibited a strong antimicrobial activity, which was unaffected by increasing salt concentrations. Immunohistochemically, the current authors observed the expression of hBD-3 in bronchial and bronchiolar epithelial cells. The mean +/- SD serum concentration of hBD-3 in patients with bacterial pneumonia was 239.4 +/- 17.8 pg.mL(-1) in the acute phase and, decreased to 159.3+/-20.1 pg.mL(-1) after the completion of therapy. In conclusion, these findings will help elucidate the role of human beta-defensin-3 in host immune responses and identify the pathophysiological significance of this molecule in respiratory infections.
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