Journal
FEBS LETTERS
Volume 580, Issue 4, Pages 1156-1163Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2005.11.048
Keywords
ABC transporter; antigen presentation; herpes virus; membrane transport; peptide-loading complex; transporter associated with antigen processing; tumor progression; viral escape
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The transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) is a key factor of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I antigen presentation pathway. This ABC transporter translocates peptides derived mainly from proteasomal degradation from the cytosol into the ER lumen for loading onto MHC class I molecules. Manifold mechanisms have evolved to regulate TAP activity. During infection, TAP expression is upregulated by interferon-gamma. Furthermore, the assembly and stability of the transport complex is promoted by various auxiliary factors. However, tumors and viruses have developed sophisticated strategies to escape the immune surveillance by suppressing TAP function. The activity of TAP can be impaired on the transcriptional or translational level, by enhanced degradation or by inhibition of peptide translocation. In this review, we briefly summarize existing data concerning the regulation of the TAP complex. (c) 2005 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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