Fish-in-net encapsulation of enzymes in macroporous cages for stable, reusable, and active heterogeneous biocatalysts

Various enzymes are encapsulated in ordered mesoporous silica analogous to a fish in a net, where the enzymes are entrapped in macroporous cages that are connected by uniform mesoporous channels (see Figure). Most importantly, these encapsulated enzymes act as nanoreactors, showing not only comparable activities with native enzymes, but also excellent long-term recycling stabilities.