Comparison of kinematic and kinetic parameters between the locomotion patterns Nordic walking, walking and running

Based on a higher cardio-pulmonary and cardio-vascular benefit and a promised reduction of mechanical load of the musculoskeletal system Nordic Walking (NW) shows an increased market potential. The present study should investigate whether there are biomechanical differences between the locomotion patterns NW, walking and running. Moreover possible resultant load differences should be determined. Eleven Subjects, who were already experienced with the NW-technique, participated in this experiment. The kinematic data were collected using two high-speed camera systems from posterior and from lateral at the same time. Simultaneously the ground reaction forces were recorded. The kinematic and the kinetic data reveal differences between the three analyzed locomotion patterns. For NW as well as walking the mechanical load of the lower extremity is lower compared to running. None of the kinematic parameters Suggest a physiological benefit of NW compared to walking. Moreover NW shows higher vertical and horizontal forces during landing. Exclusively the lower vertical force peak during Push off indicates a lower mechanical load for NW in comparison to walking. Consequently it is questionable is NW - based on its promised biomechanical benefits compared to walking - should be still recommended for overweight people and for people with existing musculoskeletal problems of the lower limb.