The small organic compound HA14-1 prevents Bcl-2 interaction with Bax to sensitize malignant glioma cells to induction of cell death

A functional imbalance between proapoptotic Bax and antiapoptotic Bcl-2 is likely to participate in the resistance of cancer cells to therapy. We show here that ethyl 2-amino6-bromo-4-(1-cyano-2-ethoxy-2-oxoethyl)-4H-chromene-3- carboxylate (HA14-1), a small organic compound recently proposed to function as an inhibitor of Bcl-2, increases the sensitivity of human glioblastoma cells to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. This sensitizing effect is lost if Bcl-2 expression, but not Bcl-xL expression, is knocked down or if cells only express a mutant of Bax that does not interact with Bcl-2. This points to a specific Bcl-2 inhibitory function of HA14-1 and implies that it selectively involves hindrance of Bcl-2 bindin g to Bax, which HA14-1 inhibits in cell-free assays and in cells in receipt of an apoptotic stimulation. Moreover, HA14-1, in combination with a cytotoxic treatment, slows down the growth of glioblastoma in vivo. Thus, the inhibition of Bcl-2 achieved by HA14-1 might improve treatment outcome.