Journal
ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES
Volume 67, Issue 6, Pages 829-834Publisher
BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1136/ard.2007.077594
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Funding
- NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR000032-475079, M01-RR02558, M01 RR002558, M01-RR00032, P20 RR011126, 1P20RR11126, P20 RR011126-14, M01 RR000032] Funding Source: Medline
- NIAMS NIH HHS [P01 AR49084, R01 AR042503-10S3, R01 AR042503, P01 AR049084, R01-AR42503, P01 AR049084-010004] Funding Source: Medline
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Objective: To examine the predictors of time-to-seizure occurrence and their impact on damage accrual and mortality in LUMINA, a multiethnic (Hispanic, African American and Caucasian) cohort of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Methods: Seizures were defined as per the American College of Rheumatology (ARC) nomenclature and case definitions for neuropsychiatric lupus syndromes. Factors associated with time-to-seizure occurrence occurring at or after diagnosis (TD) of systemic lupus erythematosus were examined by univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analyses. The impact of seizures on damage accrual and mortality was also examined by multivariable analyses after adjusting for variables known to affect these outcomes. Results: A total of 600 patients were included in these analyses. Of them, 40 (6.7%) developed seizures at or after TD; by multivariable analyses, disease activity and younger age were independent predictors of a shorter time-to-seizure occurrence (HR=1.10 and 1.04; 95% CI 1.04 to 1.15 and 1.00 to 1.08, p=0.0004 and 0.0304, respectively) whereas mucocutaneous involvement (HR=0.34, 95% CI 0.16 to 0.41, p=0.0039) and hydroxychloroquine use (HR=0.35, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.80, p=0.0131) were independent predictors of a longer time-to-seizure occurrence. Seizures were an independent contributor to damage accrual but not to mortality. Conclusions: Seizures tend to occur early in the course of systemic lupus erythematosus, and contribute to damage accrual. Younger age and disease activity are independent predictors of a shorter time-to-seizure occurrence; antimalarials appear to have a protective role in seizure occurrence.
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