Journal
JOURNAL OF NONVERBAL BEHAVIOR
Volume 30, Issue 1, Pages 37-52Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10919-005-0003-x
Keywords
emotion expression; nonverbal communication; voluntary movement
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Funding
- NIMH NIH HHS [R01 MH051435, R01 MH051435-12] Funding Source: Medline
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Previous research suggests differences in lip movement between deliberate and spontaneous facial expressions. We investigated within participant differences between deliberately posed and spontaneously occurring smiles during a directed facial action task. Using automated facial image analysis, we quantified lip corner movement during periods of visible Zygomaticus major activity. Onset and offset speed, amplitude of movement, and offset duration were greater in deliberate smiles. In contrast to previous results, however, lip corner movement asymmetry was not greater in deliberate smiles. Observed characteristics of deliberate and spontaneous smiling may be related to differences in the typical context and purpose of the facial signal.
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