Journal
BONE MARROW NICHE, STEM CELLS, AND LEUKEMIA: IMPACT OF DRUGS, CHEMICALS, AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Volume 1310, Issue -, Pages 119-128Publisher
BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL
DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12329
Keywords
hematopoietic stem cells; bone marrow; transplant; niche; microenvironment
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The existence of a bone marrow (BM) niche-the location in which hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) reside-was proposed more than 30 years ago. Recent data suggest that the interaction of HSCs with cellular and extracellular components within the BM is critical for HSC regulation. The tracking of immunofluorescently labeled, prospectively isolated HSCs to and within the BM cavity allows the assessment of the regulatory processes involved in (1) homing, which involves transendothelial migration into the BM; (2) lodgment, including transmarrow migration through the extravascular space; and (3) BM reconstitution. Together, such analyses provide a better understanding of the cellular and extracellular components involved in the regulation of HSC quiescence and differentiation. Homing and lodgment of transplanted HSCs, the first critical steps in engraftment, involve multiple interactions between HSCs and the BM microenvironment. Herein, we describe a refined method of analyzing homing efficiency and spatial distribution of HSCs harvested from endosteal and/or central BM regions; we also review alternate methods. Using these techniques, microenvironment modifications within the recipient or surface protein-expression modifications on donor HSCs in animal models provide insights into components influencing the homing, lodgment, and engraftment processes.
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