Journal
BASIC AND CLINICAL OCULAR MOTOR AND VESTIBULAR RESEARCH
Volume 1233, Issue -, Pages 177-186Publisher
BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL
DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06115.x
Keywords
hippocampus; navigation; vestibular system; visual system; separation of sensory information
Funding
- German Research Foundation (DFG) [JA1087/1-1]
- German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF) [IFB<SUP>LMU</SUP> 01EO0901]
- Hertie-Stiftung
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The hippocampal formation, that is, the hippocampus proper and the parahippocampal region, is essential for various aspects of memory and plays an important role in human navigation. Navigational cues can be provided by both the visual system (e.g., landmarks, optic flow) and the vestibular system (e.g., estimation of direction during path integration). This study reviews anatomical, electrophysiological, and imaging data that support the view that vestibular input is primarily processed in the anterior part of the hippocampal formation, whereas visual cues are primarily integrated in the posterior part. In cases of reduced vestibular or visual input or excessive sensory stimulation, this hippocampal navigational network is reorganized. The separation of vestibular and visual information in the hippocampal formation has a twofold functional consequence: missing input from either system may be partially substituted for, and the task-dependent sensorial weight can be shifted to, the more reliable modality for navigation.
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