Journal
SKELETAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
Volume 1192, Issue -, Pages 208-214Publisher
WILEY-BLACKWELL
DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05227.x
Keywords
nuclear receptor; steroid hormones; vitamin D
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Funding
- NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK038961, R01 DK038961-22] Funding Source: Medline
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES [R01DK038961] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Nuclear receptors bind to chromatin and seed formation of complexes comprising coregulators at the hormone response element. Nuclear receptors and coregulators can mediate chromatin remodeling, epigenetic modification, and ultimately gene expression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation has shown that nuclear receptors bind to chromatin throughout the genome, often at locations distant from the transcription start site. New findings related to the regulation of key vitamin D target genes in intestine and bone as well as nonclassical actions of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3 [1,25(OH)(2)D-3], including effects on breast cancer cells and on the immune system, are discussed. These studies will form the basis for future studies examining global networks regulated by the vitamin D receptor. It is becoming increasingly recognized that the actions of 1,25(OH)(2)D-3, similar to those of other steroids, is complex, involving regulation of gene activity at a range of locations.
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