Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
Volume 114, Issue 4, Pages 542-546Publisher
US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1289/ehp.8506
Keywords
chromium; exhaled breath condensate; hydrogen peroxide; lung; malondialdehyde
Funding
- NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL072323-02, R01 HL 72323, R01 HL072323] Funding Source: Medline
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Chromium is corrosive, cytotoxic, and carcinogenic for humans and can induce acute and chronic lung tissue toxicity. The aim of this study was to investigate Cr levels in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) of workers exposed to Cr(VI) and to assess their relationship with biochemical changes in the airways by analyzing EBC biomarkers of oxidative stress, namely, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA). EBC samples were collected from 24 chrome-plating workers employed in a chrome-plating plant both before and after the Friday work shift and before the work shift on the following Monday. Cr-EBC levels increased from the beginning (5.3 mu g/L) to the end of Friday (6.4 mu g/L) but were considerably lower on Monday morning (2.8 mu g/L). A similar trend was observed for H2O2-EBC levels (which increased from 0.36 mu M to 0.59 mu M on Friday and were 0.19 mu M on Monday morning) and MDA-EBC levels (which increased from 8.2 nM to 9.7 nM on Friday and were 6.6 nM on Monday). Cr-EBC levels correlated with those of H2O2-EBC (r = 0.54, p < 0.01) and MDA-EBC (r = 0.59, p < 0.01), as well as with urinary Cr levels (r = 0.25, P < 0.05). The results of this study demonstrate that EBC is a suitable matrix that can be used to investigate both Cr levels and biomarkers of free radical production sampling the epithelial-lining fluid of workers exposed to Cr(VI).
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