Radiology of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia

Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) encompasses a broad spectrum of placental Lesions from the pre-malignant hydatidiform mote (complete and partial) through to the malignant invasive mote, choriocarcinoma and rare placental site trophoblastic tumour (PSTT). Ultrasound remains the radiological investigation of choice for initial diagnosis, and it can also predict invasive and recurrent disease. Magnetic resonance imaging is of invaluable use in assessing extrauterine tumour spread, tumour vascularity, and overall staging. Positron emission tomography and computed tomography undoubtedly have a role in recurrent and metastatic disease, while angiography has a place in disease and complication management. This review will describe the relevant pathophysiology and natural history of GTN, and the use of imaging techniques in the diagnosis and management of these conditions. (c) 2006 The Royal College of Radiologists. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.