Journal
JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION
Volume 29, Issue 4, Pages 615-628Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/01904160600564337
Keywords
Citrus aurantifolia; mineral nutrition; Mexican lemon; iron deficiency; calcareous soil; alkaline soils; carbonates
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Iron ( Fe) chlorosis reduces the concentration of photosynthetic pigments, photosynthates, and crop yield. The effect of Fe chlorosis on leaf composition and cell structure was evaluated in Mexican lime (Citrus aurantifolia) with different degrees of Fe chlorosis. Iron chlorosis significantly reduced concentrations of chlorophylls a, b, and a + b, and caused thickening of leaves, due to the increase in palisade and spongy parenchyma cells. The chloroplasts of the chlorotic and albino leaves showed a disorganized ultrastructure; they had an elongated shape with disarrayed thylakoids, underdeveloped grana, scarce starch granules, and hole-like folds in the thylakoid membranes. The accumulation of calcium oxalate crystals in the upper and lower sides of the epidermis, crystal length, and total crystal content increased with Fe chlorosis severity. The green leaves, in contrast, had chloroplasts with typical ultrastructure. The degree of Fe chlorosis in the leaves significantly affected the concentrations of potassium (K); Fe, manganese (Mn), Fe2+, and the phosphorus (P)/Fe and K/calcium (Ca) ratios.
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