Journal
JOURNAL OF INORGANIC BIOCHEMISTRY
Volume 100, Issue 4, Pages 670-678Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2005.12.018
Keywords
DNA repair; AlkB; ABH; direct repair; mononuclear non-heme iron; dioxygenase; oxidative dealkylation; demethylation
Funding
- NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM071440-01A1, GM 071440, R01 GM071440] Funding Source: Medline
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DNA can be damaged by various intracellular and environmental alkylating agents to produce alkylation base lesions. These base damages, if not repaired promptly, may cause genetic changes that lead to diseases such as cancer. Recently, it was discovered that some of the alkylation DNA base damage can be directly removed by a family of proteins called the AlkB proteins that utilize a mononuclear non-heme iron(II) and alpha-ketoglutarate as cofactor and cosubstrate. These proteins activate dioxygen and perform an unprecedented oxidative dealkylation of the alkyl adducts on DNA heteroatoms. This review summarizes the discovery of this activity and the recent research advances in studying this unique DNA repair pathway. The focus is placed on the chemical mechanism and function of these proteins. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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