Journal
TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 14, Issue 4, Pages 161-168Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2006.02.005
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Funding
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BBS/B/02916] Funding Source: Medline
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BBS/B/02916] Funding Source: researchfish
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Bacteria have evolved a wide variety of metabolic strategies to cope with varied environments. Some are specialists and only able to survive in restricted environments; others are generalists and able to cope with diverse environmental conditions. Rhizolbia (e.g. Rhizobium, Sinorhizobium, Bradyrhizobium, Mesorhizobium and Azorhizobium species) can survive and compete for nutrients in soil and the plant rhizosphere but can also form a beneficial symbiosis with legumes in a highly specialized plant cell environment. Inside the legume-root nodule, the bacteria (bacteroids) reduce dinitrogen to ammonium, which is secreted to the plant in exchange for a carbon and energy source. A new and challenging aspect of nodule physiology is that nitrogen fixation requires the cycling of amino acids between the bacteroid and plant. This review aims to summarize the metabolic plasticity of rhizobia and the importance of amino acid cycling.
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