Journal
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
Volume 77, Issue 4, Pages 518-520Publisher
BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2004.061044
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Funding
- MRC [G108/604] Funding Source: UKRI
- Medical Research Council [G108/604] Funding Source: Medline
- Medical Research Council [G108/604] Funding Source: researchfish
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Background: Single and repeat concussions have a high prevalence in sport. However, there is limited research into longterm risks associated with single and repeat concussions. Objectives: To determine the effects of single and repeat historical concussions on the neuropsychological functioning and neurological reports of licensed jockeys. Methods: Six hundred and ninety eight licensed jockeys in the UK were assessed for neurological and neuropsychological symptoms of concussion at least three months after potential episodes. Results: Jockeys reporting multiple historical injuries versus a single injury showed reliable decrements on a measure of response inhibition and, to a less robust degree, on divided attention. Younger adults showed greater vulnerability. Conclusions: Repeated concussion is associated with reliable decrements in cognitive performance - even after a three month window for recent recovery.
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