Journal
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
Volume 128, Issue 14, Pages 4658-4674Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/ja0562853
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Ultrathin TiO2 films showing rich morphologies are prepared on Si(100) substrates using sol-gel chemistry coupled with an amphilic polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (PS-b-PEO) diblock copolymer as a structure-directing agent. The block copolymer undergoes a good-poor solvent pair induced phase separation in a mixed solution of 1,4-dioxane, concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCI), and titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP). By adjusting the weight fractions of 1,4-dioxane, HCI, and TTIP, inorganic block copolymer composite films containing a variety of different morphologies are obtained. On the basis of the results a ternary phase diagram of the morphologies is mapped. By calcination, anatase TiO2 films are achieved. The morphologies and crystallographic phase of the films are studied with AFM, SEM, and XRD, respectively, and the formation mechanisms of the different morphologies are discussed.
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