Nano-electrochemical detection of hydrogen or protons using palladium nanoparticles: Distinguishing surface and bulk hydrogen

The benefits of using nanciparticle-modified electrodes are exemplified through the electrochemical detection of protons and/or hydrogen. It is shown that a palladium-nanoporticle-modified boron-doped diamond allows voltammetric information relating to the relative roles played by the surface and the bulk metal to be obtained for the proton-hydrogen system at palladium surfaces which is not accessible using palladium macroelectrodes or microelectrodes.