Posaconazole as salvage treatment for invasive fusariosis in patients with underlying hematologic malignancy and other conditions

Background. Conventional amphotericin B-based antifungal therapy for invasive fusariosis in patients with a hematologic malignancy results in a >= 70% failure rate. Posaconazole is a broad-spectrum antifungal agent with in vitro and in vivo activity against Fusarium species. Methods. In this retrospective analysis of patients from 3 open-label clinical trials, we evaluated posaconazole for the treatment of invasive fusariosis. Twenty-one patients with proven or probable invasive fusariosis who had disease refractory to or who were intolerant of standard antifungal therapy received oral posaconazole suspension (800 mg per day in divided doses) as salvage therapy. Results. Successful outcome occurred in 10 (48%) of all 21 patients. Among patients with leukemia who received posaconazole therapy for 13 days, the overall success rate was 50%; for patients who recovered from myelosuppression, the success rate was 67%, compared with 20% for those with persistent neutropenia. Conclusion. These results suggest that posaconazole is useful for the treatment of invasive fusariosis.