Journal
PROTIST
Volume 157, Issue 2, Pages 185-191Publisher
ELSEVIER GMBH
DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2006.01.002
Keywords
MAAs; mixotrophic ciliates; natural sunscreen substances; reef ecosystems; secondary metabolites; solar ultraviolet radiation
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Coral reef organisms living in mutualistic symbioses with phototrophic dinoflagellates are widespread in shallow UV-transparent waters. Maristentor dinoferus is a recently discovered species of marine benthic ciliate that hosts symbiotic dinoflagellates of the genus Symbiodinium. In this study, we tested this ciliate for the occurrence of mycosporine-like amino acids, a family of secondary metabolites that minimize damage from exposura to solar UV radiation by direct screening. Using high-performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, five mycosporine-like amino acids (shinorine, palythenic acid, palythine, mycosporine-2-glycine, and porphyra-334) were identified in aqueous methanolic extracts of the symbiosis. This is the first report of mycosporine-like amino acids in a marine ciliate. (c) 2006 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
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