Journal
BULLETIN OF VOLCANOLOGY
Volume 68, Issue 7-8, Pages 727-735Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s00445-005-0046-1
Keywords
caldera; volcano deformation; GPS; plate boundary
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New deformation data from the Askja volcano, Iceland, show that the volcano's caldera has been deflating continuously for over 20 years, and confirm that the rate of subsidence is slowing down. The decay in subsidence rate can be fitted with a function of the form e(-t/tau), where tau is 39 years. Reanalysis of GPS data from 1993-1998 show that these data can be fitted with a model calling for two Mogi point sources, one shallow, and another one much deeper (16.2 km depth). Pressure decrease occurs in both sources. The deeper source is responsible for observed horizontal contraction towards Askja at distances that cannot be explained by the shallower source. Plate spreading of 19 mm/year distributed evenly over about 100-km-wide zone is also favoured by the data.
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