Journal
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
Volume 61, Issue 6, Pages 534-540Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/gerona/61.6.534
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Funding
- NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR00056, M01 RR000056] Funding Source: Medline
- NIA NIH HHS [K01 AG 00851, R01 AG20128] Funding Source: Medline
- NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK049200-09, P30 DK046204, P30 DK46204] Funding Source: Medline
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Skeletal muscle mitochondria are implicated with age-related loss of function and insulin resistance. We examined the effects of exercise on skeletal muscle mitochondria in older (age = 67.3 +/- 0.6 years) men (n = 5) and women (n = 3). Similar increases in (p <.01) cardiolipin (88.2 +/- 9.0 to 130.6 +/- 7.5 mu g/mU creatine kinase activity [CK]) and the total mitochondrial DNA (1264 +/- 170 to 1895 273 copies per diploid of nuclear genome) reflected increased mitochondria content. Succinate oxidase activity, complexes 2-4 of the electron transport chain (ETC), increased from 0.13 +/- 0.02 to 0.20 +/- 0.02 U/mU CK (p <.01). This improvement was more pronounced (p <.05) in subsarcolernmal (127 +/- 48%) compared to intermyotibrillar (56 +/- 12%) mitochondria. NADH oxidase activity, representing total ETC activity, increased from 0.51 +/- 0.09 to 1.00 +/- 0.09 U/mU CK (p <.01). In conclusion, exercise enhances mitochondria ETC activity in older human skeletal muscle, particularly in subsarcolemmal mitochondria, which is likely related to the concomitant increases in mitochondrial biogenesis.
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