Journal
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
Volume 136, Issue 6, Pages 1472-1476Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/jn/136.6.1472
Keywords
rice bran oil; type 2 diabetic rats; HMG-CoA reductase; LDL-receptor; insulin sensitivity
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A rice bran oil (RBO) diet can reduce plasma lipids; this was attributed to the specific components, gamma-oryzanol and gamma-tocotrienol, which individually were shown to be hypocholesterolemic; however, the mechanism of their effects on diabetic hyperlipidemia and the development of diabetes is not known. Rats with streptozotocin/ nicotinamide-induced type 2 diabetes were divided into control, R010, and R015 groups, and fed cholesterol-free diets containing 0, 10, and 15 g RBO with 0, 35.2, and 52.8 g gamma-oryzanol and 0, 60 and 90 mg gamma-tocotrienol/100 g diet for 4 wk. Diabetic rats fed the RBO diet had greater insulin sensitivity (P = 0.02) than rats fed the control diet. Diabetic rats fed the RBO diet also had lower plasma triglycericle (P = 0.003), LDL cholesterol (P = 0.028), and hepatic triglyceride concentrations (P = 0.04), as well as greater fecal neutral sterol and bile. acid excretion than those fed the control diet. After 4 wk, there was an -100% (P < 0.001) increase in the abundance of hepatic cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase, an 89% (P < 0.001) increase in the hepatic LDL-receptor, and a 50% (P < 0.001) increase in hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase mRNA in rats fed the RBO diet compared with those fed the control diet. These findings support the conclusion that a rice bran oil-containing diet can significantly suppress hyperlipidemic and hyperinsulinemic responses in diabetic rats. The high contents of gamma-oryzanol and gamma-tocotrienol in RBO can lead to increased fecal neutral sterol and bile acid excretion, via upregulation of cholesterol synthesis and catabolism.
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