CDK-dependent activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase member 10 (PARP10)

Proteins of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase ( PARP) family play a wide array of functions, covering virtually every aspect of DNA metabolism and function, most notably with the response to DNA damage, transcription, and the maintenance of genomic stability. Here we report the identification and characterization of a novel PARP family member, PARP10 (FLJ14464 or hypothetical protein LOC84875). Overexpression of PARP10 results in loss of cell viability, although down-expression by short hairpin RNA leads to delayed G(1) progression and concomitant cell death. PARP10 exists in both cytoplasm and nucleus, but only nucleolar PARP10 acquires CDK-dependent phosphorylation through late-G1 to S phase, and from prometaphase to cytokinesis in the nucleolar organizing regions. The PARP activity of PARP10 depends on phosphorylation by CDK2-cyclin E in vitro. CDK-phosphorylated PARP10 is absent in growth-arrested cells. These results suggest that PARP10 functions in cell proliferation and may serve as a marker for proliferating cells.