The surface chemistry of propylene, 1-iodopropane, and 1,3-diiodopropane on MoAl alloy thin films formed on dehydroxylated alumina

The adsorption of C-3 hydrocarbons propylene, 1-iodopropane, and 1,3-diiodopropane is studied in ultrahigh vacuum on a molybdenum-aluminum alloy formed by molybdenum hexacarbonyl reaction with a planar alumina film grown on a Mo(100) substrate. Carbon-iodine bond scission occurs below similar to 200 K to deposit iodine, and form propyl species from 1-iodopropane and a C-3 metallacycle from 1,3-diiodopropane. Propyl species either undergo beta-hydride elimination to yield propylene or hydrogenate to form propane. Propylene adsorbs as both pi- and di-sigma-bonded species, and the di-sigma form hydrogenates to yield propane, where the addition of the first hydrogen to form propyl species is slower than the second hydrogenation step to yield propane. Propylene also thermally decomposes on the surface to desorb hydrogen and deposit carbon where the methylyne group is the most, and the methyl group the least reactive. The metallacyclic intermediate reacts to give an allylic intermediate, which forms propylene, but also decomposes by C-C bond cleavage to evolve ethylene and deposit methylene species on the surface. This is a key step in the mechanism proposed for heterogeneously catalyzed olefin metathesis and this is the first time that this chemistry has been directly identified in ultrahigh vacuum.