Journal
MOLECULAR GENETICS AND METABOLISM
Volume 88, Issue 3, Pages 201-207Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2006.02.004
Keywords
betaine; homocysteine; homocystinuria; remethylation disorders; coronary artery disease; methionine
Funding
- NHGRI NIH HHS [R01-HG02085] Funding Source: Medline
- NIGMS NIH HHS [T32 GM7748] Funding Source: Medline
- PHS HHS [1U22MC03959] Funding Source: Medline
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Elevation of homocysteine is implicated in multiple medical conditions, including classical homocystinuria, a variety of remethylation disorders, and most recently in coronary artery disease. Betaine is a methyl donor agent that is beneficial in lowering homocysteine through the remethylation of methionine. Betaine therapy alone has been shown to prevent vascular events in homocystinuria and may have clinical benefits in other hyperhomocysteinemic disorders when used as adjunctive therapy. Betaine does raise the methionine level and cerebral edema has occurred when plasma methionine exceeds 1000 mu mol/L. Thus the plasma methionine as well as homocysteine must be monitored in patients receiving betaine. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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