Journal
CURRENT OPINION IN NEPHROLOGY AND HYPERTENSION
Volume 15, Issue 4, Pages 381-385Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/01.mnh.0000232878.50716.26
Keywords
calcium-sensing receptor; 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D; hypercalciuria; hypercalciuric rats; knockout mice; vitamin D receptor
Categories
Funding
- NIDDK NIH HHS [1P01 DK56788] Funding Source: Medline
Ask authors/readers for more resources
Purpose of review In idiopathic hypercalciuria, patients have increased intestinal Ca absorption and decreased renal Ca reabsorption, with either elevated or normal serum levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. As 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D exerts its biologic effects through interactions with the vitamin D receptor, we examine the actions of this receptor and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in animals with genetic hypercalciuria. Recent findings In genetic hypercalciuric stone-forming rats intestinal calcium transport is increased and renal calcium reabsorption is reduced, yet serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels are normal. Elevated intestinal and kidney vitamin D receptors suggest that increased tissue 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D -vitamin D receptor complexes enhance 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D actions on intestine and kidney, and vitamin D-dependent over-expression of renal calcium-sensing receptor alone can decrease tubule calcium reabsorption. In TRPV5-knockout mice, ablation of the renal calcium-influx channel decreases tubular calcium reabsorption, and secondary elevations in 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D increase intestinal calcium transport. Summary 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D or vitamin D receptor may change intestinal and renal epithelial calcium transport simultaneously or calcium-transport changes across renal epithelia may be primary with a vitamin D-mediated secondary increase in intestinal transport. The extent of homology between the animal models and human idiopathic hypercalciuria remains to be determined.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available