Journal
NEUROCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL
Volume 49, Issue 2, Pages 154-163Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2006.04.007
Keywords
astrocytes; inducible nitric oxide synthase; inducers; signal transduction; inflamation
Categories
Funding
- NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS039940, R01 NS039940-06, NS48923, NS39940, R21 NS048923-02, R21 NS048923] Funding Source: Medline
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Nitric oxide (NO), being a double-edged sword depending on its concentration in the microenvironment, is involved in both physiological and pathological processes of many organ systems including brain and spinal cord. It is now well-documented that once inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is expressed in CNS in a signal-dependent fashion, NO in excess of physiological thresholds is produced and this excess NO then plays a role in the pathogenesis of stroke, demyelination and other neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, a keen interest has been generated in recent years in comprehending the regulation of this enzyme in brain cells. The present review summarizes our current understanding of signaling mechanisms leading to transcription of the iNOS gene in activated astrocytes. We attempt this comprehension with a hope to identify potential targets to intervene NO-mediated CNS disorders. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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