Journal
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
Volume 26, Issue 27, Pages 7143-7146Publisher
SOC NEUROSCIENCE
DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1796-06.2006
Keywords
protein synthesis; mRNA; ribosome; synapse; dendrite; synaptic plasticity
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Funding
- NIMH NIH HHS [MH65537] Funding Source: Medline
- NINDS NIH HHS [NS12333] Funding Source: Medline
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The selective localization of protein synthetic machinery at postsynaptic sites makes it possible for the synthesis of particular proteins to be regulated by synaptic signals. Here we consider how the structure of the machinery constrains synthetic capacity and the evidence that mRNA translation is locally controlled by synaptic signals. Since the discovery of protein synthetic machinery at synaptic sites on dendrites (Steward and Levy, 1982), substantial progress has been made in identifying dendritic mRNAs and in showing that dendritic protein synthesis is critical for persistent synaptic modifications like long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD). Although many pieces of the puzzle have been identified, major questions remain. Here we focus on one of the unknowns: how translational activity at synapses is regulated and whether regulation involves upregulation or downregulation of overall translation or differential regulation of the translation of particular transcripts. It is useful to begin by considering constraints imposed by the nature of the protein synthetic machinery at synapses.
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