Journal
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS
Volume 314, Issue 1-2, Pages 123-133Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2006.06.010
Keywords
CD4(+) T cell; magnetic resonance; contrast agent; regulatory T cell
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Funding
- Medical Research Council [MC_U120061309] Funding Source: Medline
- Wellcome Trust Funding Source: Medline
- Medical Research Council [MC_U120061309] Funding Source: researchfish
- MRC [MC_U120061309] Funding Source: UKRI
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A number of techniques have been developed to track the migration of T cells in vivo, but they all suffer significant shortcomings, including the examination of selected organs rather than the organism as a whole - thus precluding longitudinal studies - or limitations imposed by poor spatial resolution and the application of ionizing radiation. By conjugating the HIV tat peptide to ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) nanoparticles in a reaction yielding a mean valence of 45, a magnetic resonance (MR) contrast agent was synthesised that allowed T cells to be efficiently labelled within just 5 min. The USPIO nanoparticles were incorporated into both the cytoplasm and nucleus of labelled cells, which retained normal in vitro proliferative responses to a polyclonal stimulus; suppressive responses mediated by labelled CD4(+) CD25(+) regulatory T cells; chemotactic responses to the chemokine CXCL-12; and transmigration of an activated endothelial monolayer. We believe that this rapid, efficient and essentially non-toxic approach to labelling both murine and human T cells for MRI holds considerable promise, paving the way for the wider immunological application of this exciting technology. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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