Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-RENAL PHYSIOLOGY
Volume 291, Issue 2, Pages F271-F281Publisher
AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00071.2006
Keywords
erythropoiesis; renal ischemia-reperfusion injury; renal fibrosis; renal cell cancer
Categories
Funding
- NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA100787] Funding Source: Medline
- NIDDK NIH HHS [R21 DK073467, R21 DK072037] Funding Source: Medline
Ask authors/readers for more resources
Tissue hypoxia not only occurs under pathological conditions but is also an important microenvironmental factor that is critical for normal embryonic development. Hypoxia-inducible factors HIF-1 and HIF-2 are oxygen-sensitive basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors, which regulate biological processes that facilitate both oxygen delivery and cellular adaptation to oxygen deprivation. HIFs consist of an oxygen-sensitive alpha- subunit, HIF-alpha, and a constitutively expressed beta-subunit, HIF-alpha, and regulate the expression of genes that are involved in energy metabolism, angiogenesis, erythropoiesis and iron metabolism, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and other biological processes. Under conditions of normal Po-2, HIF-alpha is hydroxylated and targeted for rapid proteasomal degradation by the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) E3-ubiquitin ligase. When cells experience hypoxia, HIF-alpha is stabilized and either dimerizes with HIF-beta in the nucleus to form transcriptionally active HIF, executing the canonical hypoxia response, or it physically interacts with unrelated proteins, thereby enabling convergence of HIF oxygen sensing with other signaling pathways. In the normal, fully developed kidney, HIF-1 alpha is expressed in most cell types, whereas HIF-2 alpha is mainly found in renal interstitial fibroblast-like cells and endothelial cells. This review summarizes some of the most recent advances in the HIF field and discusses their relevance to renal development, normal kidney function and disease.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available