Journal
TRENDS IN BIOCHEMICAL SCIENCES
Volume 31, Issue 8, Pages 427-435Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2006.06.005
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Funding
- Medical Research Council [G117/444] Funding Source: researchfish
- MRC [G117/444] Funding Source: UKRI
- Medical Research Council [G117/444] Funding Source: Medline
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Serpins use an extraordinary mechanism of protease inhibition that depends on a rapid and marked conformational change and causes destruction of the covalently linked protease. Serpins thus provide stoichiometric, irreversible inhibition, and their dependence on conformational change is exploited for signalling and clearance. The regulatory advantages provided by structural mobility are best illustrated by the heparin activation mechanisms of the plasma serpins antithrombin and heparin cofactor II. This mechanistic complexity, however, renders serpins highly susceptible to disease-causing mutations. Recent crystal structures reveal the intricate conformational rearrangements involved in protease inhibition, activity modulation and the unique molecular pathology of the remarkable shape-shifting serpins.
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