Journal
NATURE PHYSICS
Volume 2, Issue 8, Pages 537-543Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/nphys362
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The superconducting temperature T-c of hole-doped high-temperature superconductors has a dome-like shape as a function of hole concentration, with a maximum T-c at 'optimal' doping. On the underdoped side, the superconducting state is often described in terms of one energy scale, associated with the maximum of the d-wave gap (at the antinodes), which increases as the doping decreases. Here, we report electronic Raman scattering experiments that show a second energy scale in the gap function: the slope of the gap at the nodes, which decreases with decreasing doping. Our measurements also reveal two distinct quasiparticle dynamics; electronic coherence persists down to low doping levels at the nodes, whereas antinodal quasiparticles become incoherent. Using a sum-rule, we find that the low-frequency Raman response and the temperature dependence of the superfluid density, both controlled by nodal excitations, behave in a qualitatively similar manner with doping variation.
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