Journal
MOLECULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
Volume 20, Issue 8, Pages 1825-1837Publisher
ENDOCRINE SOC
DOI: 10.1210/me.2006-0046
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Funding
- NICHD NIH HHS [U54 HD033994, R01 HD037830, HD12304, HD33994, P30 HD033994, HD37830, R37 HD012304] Funding Source: Medline
- NIEHS NIH HHS [ES07814, R01 ES007814] Funding Source: Medline
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Uterine estrogenic actions are biphasic, early (phase I) and late (phase II) responses. However, the molecular linkage between these phases is not known. Although certain phase I responses are considered estrogen receptor (ER)alpha and ER beta independent, the phase II responses are ER alpha dependent. We previously observed that among several genes Bip is induced by estrogen in the mouse uterus in an ER-independent manner as a phase I response. Bip is a member of the chaperone family and plays roles in protein processing and confers cellular protection. However, its role in estrogen-dependent uterine biology is unknown. We show here a new function of Bip in regulating estrogen signaling in the uterus. Bip, induced during the phase I responses, molecularly interacts with ER alpha required for estrogen-mediated phase II growth responses. Utilizing in vivo and in vitro model systems, we found that adenovirus-driven suppression of Bip antagonizes ER alpha-mediated uterine gene transcription. Importantly, down-regulation of Bip compromises estrogen-dependent phase II growth responses with sustained phase I responses. In conclusion, Bip is critical for coordinating estrogen-elicited biphasic responses and serves as a molecular link between ER alpha-independent and -dependent estrogenic responses in the uterus.
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