Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
Volume 169, Issue 2, Pages 433-444Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2006.051330
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Funding
- NCRR NIH HHS [P20 RR020143, RR020143] Funding Source: Medline
- NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI058107, 1R01 AI058107, U19 AI062629, 1U19 AI062629] Funding Source: Medline
- NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM037704, R01 GM037704-16A1] Funding Source: Medline
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Studies that define natural responses to bacterial sepsis assumed new relevance after the lethal bioterrorist attacks with Bacillus anthracis (anthrax), a spore-forming, toxigenic gram-positive bacillus. Considerable effort has focused on identifying adjunctive therapeutics and vaccines to prevent future deaths, but translation of promising compounds into the clinical setting necessitates an animal model that recapitulates responses observed in humans. Here we describe a nonhuman primate (Papio a cynocephalus) model of B. anthracis infection using infusion of toxigenic R anthracis Sterne 34F2 bacteria (5 x 10(5) to 6.5 x 10(9) CFU/kg). Similar to that seen in human patients, we observed changes in vascular permeability, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and systemic inflammation. The lung was a primary target organ with serosanguinous pleural effusions, intra-alveolar edema, and hemorrhagic lesions. This animal model reveals that a fatal outcome is dominated by the host septic response, thereby providing important insights into approaches for treatment and prevention of anthrax in humans.
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