The immune response of tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon and its susceptibility to Photobacterium damselae subsp damselae under temperature stress

Tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon held in 25 parts per thousand seawater and 26 degrees C seawater were injected with Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae grown in TSB at a dose of 8.48 x 10(4) colony-forming units (cfu) shrimp(-1), and then reared onward at water temperatures of 22, 26 (control), 30 and 34 degrees C. Over 24-96 h, the cumulative mortalities of P. damselae subsp. damselae-injected shrimp held in 22 and 34 degrees C were significantly higher than those for injected-shrimp held in 26 and 30 degrees C. In a separate experiment, shrimp held in 25 parts per thousand seawater and 26 degrees C, and then cultured onward at 22, 26 (control), 30 and 34 degrees C were examined for immune parameters, phagocytic activity and clearance efficiency of P. damselae subsp. damselae at 12-96 h. THC (total hemocyte count), DHC (differential hemocyte count), phenoloxidase (PO) activity, respiratory burst, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, phagocytic activity and clearance efficiency in shrimp decreased significantly after 24-96 h transfer to 22 and 34 degrees C. It was concluded that transfer of tiger shrimp P. monodon from 26 degrees C to 22 and 34 degrees C reduced their resistance against P. damselae subsp. damselae infection. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.