Circular orbits and spin in black-hole initial data

The construction of initial data for black-hole binaries usually involves the choice of free parameters that define the spins of the black holes and essentially the eccentricity of the orbit. Such parameters must be chosen carefully to yield initial data with the desired physical properties. In this paper, we examine these choices in detail for the quasiequilibrium method coupled to apparent-horizon/quasiequilibrium boundary conditions. First, we compare two independent criteria for choosing the orbital frequency, the Komar-mass condition and the effective-potential method, and find excellent agreement. Second, we implement quasilocal measures of the spin of the individual holes, calibrate these with corotating binaries, and revisit the construction of nonspinning black-hole binaries. Higher-order effects, beyond those considered in earlier work, turn out to be important. Without those, supposedly nonspinning black holes have appreciable quasilocal spin; furthermore, the Komar-mass condition and effective-potential method agree only when these higher-order effects are taken into account. We compute a new sequence of quasicircular orbits for nonspinning black-hole binaries, and determine the innermost stable circular orbit of this sequence.