Fixed-bed pyrolysis of hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) bagasse:: Influence of pyrolysis parameters on product yields

Fixed-bed slow pyrolysis experiments have been conducted on a sample of hazelnut bagasse to determine particularly the effects of pyrolysis temperature, heating rate, particle size and sweep gas flow rate on the pyrolysis product yields. The temperature of pyrolysis, heating rate, particle size and sweep gas flow rate were varied in the ranges 350-550 degrees C, 10 and 50 degrees C/min, 0.224-1.800 mm and 50-200 cm(3)/min, respectively. Under the various pyrolysis conditions applied in the experimental studies, the obtained char, liquid, and gas yield values ranged between 26 and 35 wt%, 23 and 34.40 wt%, and 25 and 32 wt%, respectively. The maximum biooil yield of 34.40% was obtained at the final pyrolysis temperature of 500 degrees C, with a heating rate of 10 degrees C/min, particle size range of 0.425-0.600 mm and a sweep gas flow rate of 150 cm(3)/min.