Journal
LIFE SCIENCES
Volume 79, Issue 16, Pages 1493-1506Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2006.05.007
Keywords
cadmium; endothelium; VE-cadherin; angiogenesis; cancer; carcinogenesis; inflammation; testis; lung; liver; heart; kidney; cardiomyopathy; hypertension; atherosclerosis
Funding
- NIAMS NIH HHS [R15 AR050985] Funding Source: Medline
- NIEHS NIH HHS [R01 ES006478] Funding Source: Medline
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Cadmium (Cd) is an important industrial and environmental pollutant that can produce a wide variety of adverse effects in humans and animals. A growing volume of evidence indicates that the vascular endothelium may be one of the primary targets of Cd toxicity in vivo. Studies over the past 20 years have shown that Cd, at relatively low, sublethal concentrations, can target vascular endothelial cells at a variety of molecular levels, including cell adhesion molecules, metal ion transporters and protein kinase signaling pathways. The purpose of this review is to summarize the results of these recent studies and to discuss the implications of these findings with regard to the mechanisms of Cd toxicity in specific organs including the lung, liver, kidney, testis and heart. In addition the possible roles of the vascular endothelium in mediating the tumor promoting and anticarcinogenic effects of Cd are discussed. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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