Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 103, Issue 39, Pages 14501-14506Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0603545103
Keywords
IL-1 receptor type II; HS1-associated protein X-1; fibrosis; collagen; IL-6
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The aberrant production of precursor IL-1 alpha (pre-IL-1 alpha) in skin fibroblasts that are derived from systemic sclerosis (SSc) is associated with the induction of IL-6 and procollagen, which contributes to the fibrosis of SSc. However, little is understood about how intracellular pre-IL-1 alpha regulates the expression of the other molecules in fibroblasts. We report here that pre-IL-1 alpha can form a complex with IL-1 alpha-binding proteins that is translocated into the nuclei of fibroblasts. Immunoprecipitation that used anti-human IL-1a Ab and S-35-labeled nuclear extracts of fibroblasts showed three specific bands (approximate to 31, 35, and 65 kDa). The 31-kDa molecule was identified as pre-IL-1 alpha, and the 35- and 65-kDa molecules might be pre-IL-1 alpha-binding proteins. A partial sequencing for the 10 aa from the N-terminals of the molecules showed 100% homology for HAX-1 (HS1-associated protein X-1) and IL-1 receptor type 11 (IL-1RII). Suppression of the genes of HAX-1 or IL-1RII induced the inhibitory effects of IL-1 signal transduction, including production of IL-6 and procollagen, by fibroblasts. In particular, pre-IL-1 alpha was not translocated into the nucleus by an inhibition of HAX-1. These findings reveal that nuclear localization of pre-IL-1 alpha depends on the binding to HAX-1 and that biological activities might be elicited by the binding to both HAX-1 and IL-1RII in SSc fibroblasts.
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