Journal
MEDICINA CLINICA
Volume 127, Issue 12, Pages 465-474Publisher
ELSEVIER ESPANA SLU
DOI: 10.1157/13093057
Keywords
HIV; lipodystrophy; metabolic syndrome; fatty acids; adipocyte
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Lipodystrophy, and the metabolic alterations (dislipemia, insulinresistance) associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, is a multifactorial syndrome due to the interaction of host related factors (cellular immune status, diet, gene mutations), viral factors (citokine syntesis, polyunsaturated fatty acid or PUFA depletion), and pharmacological effects (mitochondrial DNA-polymerase inhibition, lipolisis inhibition, adiponectine syntesis reduction). HIV probably modifies the adipocyte differentiation and the lipid metabolism. This retroviral effect is mediated by proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor) and the participation of other factors (drugs, diet), all in the context of a particular host genetic setting. The adipocyte (and several cellular receptors, fatty acids, membrane proteins, and cytokines) plays a central role in the pathogenesis of HIV-associated lipodystrophy.
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