Journal
ANNALS OF BOTANY
Volume 116, Issue 4, Pages 613-625Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcu246
Keywords
Brassica juncea; Brassica napus; Indian mustard; oilseed rape; excess zinc; reactive oxygen species; ROS; oxidative stress; reactive nitrogen species; RNS; nitrosative stress; protein nitration
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Funding
- European Union
- State of Hungary
- European Social Fund [TAMOP 4.2.4. A/2-11-1-2012-0001]
- Hungarian Scientific Research Fund [OTKA PD100504]
- Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Spain) [AGL2011-26044, BIO2012-33904]
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Background and Aims Zinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient naturally present in soils, but anthropogenic activities can lead to accumulation in the environment and resulting damage to plants. Heavy metals such as Zn can induce oxidative stress and the generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS), which can reduce growth and yield in crop plants. This study assesses the interplay of these two families of molecules in order to evaluate the responses in roots of two Brassica species under high concentrations of Zn. Methods Nine-day-old hydroponically grown Brassica juncea (Indian mustard) and B. napus (oilseed rape) seedlings were treated with ZnSO4 (0, 50, 150 and 300 mu M) for 7 d. Stress intensity was assessed through analyses of cell wall damage and cell viability. Biochemical and cellular techniques were used to measure key components of the metabolism of ROS and RNS including lipid peroxidation, enzymatic antioxidants, protein nitration and content of superoxide radical (O-2(center dot-)), nitric oxide (NO) and peroxynitrite (ONOO-). Key Results Analysis of morphological root damage and alterations of microelement homeostasis indicate that B. juncea is more tolerant to Zn stress than B. napus. ROS and RNS parameters suggest that the oxidative components are predominant compared with the nitrosative components in the root system of both species. Conclusions The results indicate a clear relationship between ROS and RNS metabolism as a mechanism of response against stress caused by an excess of Zn. The oxidative stress components seem to be more dominant than the elements of the nitrosative stress in the root system of these two Brassica species.
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