Journal
ANNALS OF BOTANY
Volume 111, Issue 5, Pages 743-767Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/aob/mct048
Keywords
Nitrogen fixation; non-legume; symbiosis; nodulation; actinorhizal plant; Frankia; cyanobacteria; Parasponia; plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria; PGPR
Categories
Funding
- Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD), Montpellier University 2
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) [ANR-06-BLAN-0095, BLAN-1708-01]
- ECOS-Sud
- PHC-IMHOTEP
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) [ANR-06-BLAN-0095] Funding Source: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)
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Nitrogen is an essential nutrient in plant growth. The ability of a plant to supply all or part of its requirements from biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) thanks to interactions with endosymbiotic, associative and endophytic symbionts, confers a great competitive advantage over non-nitrogen-fixing plants. Because BNF in legumes is well documented, this review focuses on BNF in non-legume plants. Despite the phylogenic and ecological diversity among diazotrophic bacteria and their hosts, tightly regulated communication is always necessary between the microorganisms and the host plant to achieve a successful interaction. Ongoing research efforts to improve knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying these original relationships and some common strategies leading to a successful relationship between the nitrogen-fixing microorganisms and their hosts are presented. Understanding the molecular mechanism of BNF outside the legumerhizobium symbiosis could have important agronomic implications and enable the use of N-fertilizers to be reduced or even avoided. Indeed, in the short term, improved understanding could lead to more sustainable exploitation of the biodiversity of nitrogen-fixing organisms and, in the longer term, to the transfer of endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixation capacities to major non-legume crops.
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